一、课程建设情况
大学英语(一)课程融合了听、说、读、写、译 等各项技能,旨在全面提升学生的英语综合应用能力。 课程内容覆盖广泛,既包含基础语言知识,也注重语 言技能的实际应用。
二、教材使用情况
《新编实用英语综合教程 1》(第五版)为“十三五 ” 国规教材,内容丰富多样,覆盖生活、工作等多领域, 语言清晰易懂。它结合语法讲解、词汇扩展与实例对 话,全面提升学习者能力。 目前已使用两年,效果不错。
三、课程标准
高等职业教育专科英语课程标准
(2021 年版)
目 录
高等职业教育专科英语课程是高等职业教育专科课程体系的有机组成部 分,是各专业学生必修或限定选修的公共基础课程,兼具工具性与人文性。
高等职业教育专科英语课程全面贯彻党的教育方针,落实立德树人根本任 务,以中等职业学校和普通高中的英语课程为基础,与本科教育阶段的英语课 程相衔接,旨在培养学生学习英语和应用英语的能力,为学生未来继续学习和 终身发展奠定良好的英语基础。
学科核心素养是学科育人价值的集中体现,是学生通过课程学习与实践而逐 步形成的正确价值观、必备品格和关键能力。高等职业教育专科阶段的英语学科 核心素养主要包括职场涉外沟通、多元文化交流、语言思维提升和自主学习完善 四个方面。它们既明显区别,又相互联系、相互促进,构成有机的整体。
1. 职场涉外沟通
职场涉外沟通指学生在职场情境中,能够运用英语语言知识和语言技能比 较准确地理解和表达信息、观点、情感, 进行有效口头沟通和书面沟通。职场 涉外沟通构成英语学科核心素养的基础要素。
2. 多元文化交流
多元文化交流指学生在学习和使用英语的过程中,能够识别、理解、尊重 世界多元文化,拓宽国际视野,增强国家认同,坚定文化自信,树立中华民族 共同体意识和人类命运共同体意识;在日常生活和职场中能够有效进行跨文化 交际,用英语传播中华文化。多元文化交流体现英语学科核心素养的价值取向。
3. 语言思维提升
语言思维提升指学生在系统学习和使用英语的过程中,能够识别和理解英 语使用者或英语本族语者的思维方式和思维特点,提升自身思维的逻辑性、思 辨性与创新性。语言思维提升体现英语学科核心素养的心智特征。
4. 自主学习完善
自主学习完善指学生基于英语语言学习特点,能够做好自我管理,养成良 好的自主学习习惯,多渠道获取学习资源 ,自主、有效地开展学习,形成终身 学习的意识和能力。自主学习完善构成英语学科核心素养的发展条件。
高等职业教育专科英语课程的目标是全面贯彻党的教育方针,培育和践行 社会主义核心价值观,落实立德树人根本任务,在中等职业学校和普通高中教 育的基础上,进一步促进学生英语学科核心素养的发展,培养具有中国情怀、 国际视野,能够在日常生活和职场中用英语进行有效沟通的高素质技术技能人 才。通过本课程学习,学生应该能够达到课程标准所设定的四项学科核心素养 的发展目标。
职场涉外沟通目标:掌握必要的英语语音、词汇、语法、语篇和语用知识, 具备必要的英语听、说、读、看、写、译技能,能够识别、运用恰当的体态语言 和多媒体手段,根据语境运用合适的策略,理解和表达口头和书面话语的意 义,有效完成日常生活和职场情境中的沟通任务。在沟通中善于倾听与协商, 尊重他人,具有同理心与同情心;践行爱国、敬业、诚信、友善等价值观。
多元文化交流目标:能够通过英语学习获得多元文化知识,理解文化内 涵 , 汲取文化精华,树立中华民族共同体意识和人类命运共同体意识,形成正 确的世界观、人生观、价值观;通过文化比较加深对中华文化的理解,继承中 华优秀文化,增强文化自信;坚持中国立场,具有国际视野,能用英语讲述中 国故事、传播中华文化;掌握必要的跨文化知识,具备跨文化技能, 秉持平 等、包容、开放的态度,能够有效完成跨文化沟通任务。
语言思维提升目标:通过分析英语口头和书面话语,能够辨析语言和文化
中的具体现象 , 了解抽象与概括、分析与综合、比较与分类等思维方法,辨别 中英两种语言思维方式的异同,具有一定的逻辑、思辨和创新思维水平 。锤炼 尊重事实、谨慎判断、公正评价、善于探究的思维品格。
自主学习完善目标:认识英语学习的意义,树立正确的英语学习观,具有 明确的英语学习目标,能够有效规划学习时间和学习任务,运用恰当的英语学 习策略 , 制订学习计划、选择学习资源、 监控学习过程、 评价学习效果。能根 据升学、就业等需要,采取恰当的方式方法,运用英语进行终身学习。
高等职业教育专科英语课程由基础模块和拓展模块组成。基础模块为职场通 用英语,是各专业学生必修或限定选修内容,旨在奠定本阶段英语学科核心素养 的共同基础,使所有学生都能达到英语学业质量水平一的要求,满足高等职业教 育专科毕业要求。拓展模块为学生根据自身需求自主选择修习的内容,与基础模 块形成递进关系,供不 同专业、不同水平、不同兴趣的学生在完成基础模块后选 修。拓展模块主要包括三类:( 1) 职业提升英语,为特定专业学生群体开设, 满足特定专业学生完成职场中的涉外沟通需求;( 2)学业提升英语,为有升学 需求的学生群体开设,为本科学习或出国留学做准备;( 3)素养提升英语,为 满足学生的兴趣爱好和提升学生的个人素养而开设。
基础模块是高等职业教育专科学生必修或限定选修内容,在第 1 学期和第 2 学期开设, 总学时为 128~ 144 学时 , 一般以 16~ 18 学时计 1 个学分, 合计 8 学分。拓展模块通常在第 3—5 学期开设,学生可根据自身需求修习 2 学分以上 的内容。在开足基础模块课时的基础上,各院校及各专业可根据未来需要和现 实条件,自主决定拓展模块的开设及其内容。高等职业教育专科英语课程结构 如下页表 1 所示:
表 1 高等职业教育专科英语课程结构
模块 | 课程 | 学期数 | 学分 | 对象 |
基础 | 职场通用英语 | 2 学期 | 8 学分 | 各专业学生 |
拓展 | 职业提升英语 | 3 学期 | 2 学分及以上 | 有需求的学生 |
学业提升英语 | ||||
素养提升英语 |
高等职业教育专科英语课程内容是发展学生英语学科核心素养的基础, 突 出英语语言能力在职场情境中的应用。课程内容由两个模块组成:基础模块和 拓展模块。拓展模块主要分为三类:职业提升英语、学业提升英语和素养提升 英语。
基础模块的课程内容为职场通用英语,是各专业学生必修或限定选修的基 础性内容。各学校应保证基础模块课时的足量开设。基础模块旨在结合职场情 境、反映职业特色,进一步提高学生的英语应用能力。基础模块的内容由主题 类别、语篇类型、语言知识、文化知识、职业英语技能和语言学习策略六要素 组成。
主题类别为高等职业教育专科英语课程提供的与职业相关的教学主题。语 篇类型包括口头、书面、新媒体等多模态语篇 , 涵盖不同类型的体裁,为语言 学习提供素材。语言知识是职场涉外沟通的重要基础,重点突出应用性。文化 知识包括世界多元文化和中华文化, 尤其是职场文化和企业文化,是学生形成
跨文化交际能力、坚定文化自信的知识源泉。职业英语技能对学生在职场中的 口头和书面沟通能力提出具体要求,包含理解技能、表达技能和互动技能,具 体包括听 、说 、读 、看 、写以及中英两种语言的初步互译技能。语言学习策略 是实现自主学习和终身学习的手段,具体包括元认知策略、认知策略、交际策 略、情感策略等。
1. 主题类别 【内容要求】
主题类别包括职业与个人、职业与社会和职业与环境三个方面。 每个方面 包含若干专题 , 每个专题包含不同话题。所有主题类别内容都应反映中外优秀 文化。职场情境任务是在职场中运用英语完成的日常活动 。每项活动可涉及不 同主题、专题和话题。
表 2 按照学生在基础模块中应学习的三大主题类别描述内容要求 , 供教材 编写者和教学实施者参考。
表 2 高等职业教育专科英语课程基础模块主题类别
主题类别 | 专题 | 主要话题 | 建议职场情境任务 |
职业与个人 | 1 人文底蕴 | 1-1 历史文化 1-2 国情社情 1-3 文学艺术 1-4 审美情趣 | 求职应聘 文件处理 活动策划 活动组织 客户管理 参访接待 拜访安排 反馈处理 市场调查 产品说明 技术服务 产品推介 |
2 职业规划 | 2-1 职业类型 2-2 职业选择 2-3 创新创业 2-4 职业发展 | ||
3 职业精神 | 3-1 职业理想 3-2 职业道德 3-3 职业规范 |
续表
主题类别 | 专题 | 主要话题 | 建议职场情境任务 |
职业与社会 | 4 社会责任 | 4-1 产品质量 4-2 公益事业 4-3 志愿活动 4-4 企业使命 | 营销策划 危机公关 商务谈判 订单管理 交易善后 …… |
5 科学技术 | 5-1 科学精神 5-2 科技发展 5-3 技术应用 | ||
6 文化交流 | 6-1 职场文化 6-2 国家认同 6-3 国际理解 | ||
职业与环境 | 7 生态环境 | 7-1 自然环境 7-2 绿色发展 | |
8 职场环境 | 8-1 制度环境 8-2 生产环境 8-3 数字环境 8-4 职业安全 |
表 2 中的建议职场情境任务是教师在教学中为培养学生运用英语做事的能 力而设置的教学任务,旨在为学生步入职场打下基础。 这些建议职场情境任务 是开放性的, 不同专业的职场情境任务有所不同,各院校需根据本校专业设置 情况,确定并逐步完善本校英语教学的职场情境任务。
教师在教学中,应依托职场情境任务, 围绕三大主题类别, 从教材中选择 适用于这些情境的语言活动进行教学,通过不同主题的情境教学活动,使学生 全面学习并掌握与主题和情境相关的语言文化知识, 提高语言沟通能力。在课 程设计、教材编写和实际教学中,应该把对三大主题类别的意义的探究视为教 学的中心任务, 把课程思政的理念贯穿于教学中, 引领学生职场涉外沟通、多
元文化交流、语言思维提升和自主学习完善四项学科核心素养的融合发展。
2. 语篇类型 【内容要求】
语篇类型指口头、书面、新媒体等多模态语篇 , 如文字 、 图示、音频、视 频等, 也指不同类型的体裁 , 如应用文、 说 明文、记叙文、议论文等。基础模 块应涉及表 3 列出的语篇类型及内容要求 ,可根据情况适当补充。
表 3 高等职业教育专科英语课程基础模块语篇类型及内容要求
语篇类型 | 内容要求 |
应用文 | 书信、公告、通知、纪要、便条、广告、简历、调查问卷、宣传 册、常见票据、日程安排、工作计划、议事日程等。 |
说明文 | 公司概况介绍、操作指南、使用手册、成果和产品介绍; 事件说 明、现象说明、过程说明、图表说明、事理阐释等。 |
记叙文 | 个人故事、职场人物介绍、短篇小说等。 |
议论文 | 论说文、时事观点、职场案例分析、评论、书评等。 |
融媒体材料 | 一般网络信息、电子邮件、手机短信、博客、知识类或科普类网 页等;音频或视频节目等。 |
【教学提示】
教师在选择语篇时,应尽量涵盖日常生活和职场情境中的各种典型语篇, 重点选取与学生未来工作和学习密切相关的语篇。语篇选择还需要考虑其在促 进学生思维、体现文化差异、形成正确价值观等方面的积极意义。在教学中, 教师要认真研读和分析语篇 , 引导学生挖掘和探究主题意义, 并整合语言知识 学习、语言技能发展、跨文化交际能力和自主学习策略运用, 让学生在不同语 篇类型中学习和应用语言、拓展思维,提高鉴赏和评价能力,落实培养学生英 语学科核心素养的目标。
3. 语言知识
高等职业教育专科英语课程的语言知识包括词汇、语法、语篇和语用知识。 学习语言知识的目的是发展语言运用能力。高等职业教育专科英语课程基础模块 的词汇知识、语法知识、语篇知识和语用知识包括以下内容和要求。
( 1) 词汇知识
【内容要求】
词汇是语言的基础,学习词汇与应用词汇对于提高职场涉外沟通素养至关 重要。词汇掌握的熟练程度将直接影响英语应用能力的发展。基础模块应在中 等职业教育阶段 1800~ 1900 个单词和普通高中教育阶段 2000~2100 个 单词的 基础上,使学生学会使用 500 个左右的新单词和一定数量的短语, 累计掌握 2300~2600 个单词。拓展模块应在基础模块词汇量基础上增加 400 个左右的新 单词和一定数量的短语, 累计掌握 2700~3000 个单词。
【教学提示】
教师在教学中应帮助学生借助多种资源,运用构词法知识, 结合主题、语 境、场合、身份等各种因素学习词汇 , 并将之用于理解和表达相关信息。在表 达时提高词汇使用的准确性和丰富性; 结合主题 , 不断复现相关词语, 引导学 生通过多种方法学习词汇。教师应结合主题类别,运用多种教学策略和方法, 开展各种教学活动 , 帮助学生提高运用词汇的熟练程度。
(2)语法知识
【内容要求】
语法是语言的基本规则。语法知识是“ 形式—意义—使用 ”的统一体, 直 接影响语言理解和表达的准确性和得体性。 考虑到学生在中等职业学校或普通 高中已经学习了必要的语法内容,高等职业教育专科阶段应根据学生需求 ,遵 循“实用为主、够用为度” 的原则 , 查漏补缺 , 夯实语法基础。
【教学提示】
教师在教学中应设置各种职场情境任务,通过多种英语学习活动 , 帮助学 生掌握句子结构、 时态、语态等语言规律 , 并在语言实践中巩固和运用中等职 业教育或普通高中教育阶段所学的语法知识。
学生在学习中遇到语法问题时,教师要引导学生借助语法书、词典 、 网络 等资源和媒介来解决问题,提高学生对语法知识的自主学习能力。
【内容要求】
语篇知识是关于语篇表达的内容、意图和手段的知识。基础模块的语篇知 识内容要求包括写作目的、体裁特征、标题特征、 篇章结构、修辞手段、衔接 与连贯手段、语言特点、语篇成分(句子、句群、段落)之间的逻辑语义关系等。
语篇知识有助于学生有效理解听到、 读到或看到的语篇 , 并在口头和书面 表达过程中根据交流需要选择恰当的语篇类型,设计合理的语篇结构, 保持语 篇的衔接性和连贯性等,从而达到有效交际的目的。
【教学提示】
教师在教学中应培养学生的语篇意识, 引导学生观察和分析不同语篇的结 构和语言特征, 对语言材料句子之间、段落之间的衔接性与连贯性进行分析, 帮助学生把握不同语篇的表意功能,提高学生理解语篇和选择恰当语篇表达意 义的能力。
(4)语用知识
【内容要求】
语用知识指在不同情境中恰当运用语言的知识。情境的变化会影响语言的 使用, 如目的、场合 、话题和交际者的不同会影响正式和非正式、 礼貌和不礼 貌 、直接和委婉等不同表达方式的选择。学习和掌握一定的语用知识有助于提 升学生的语用意识, 帮助学生根据不同情境,进行得体、有效的交际。
【教学提示】
教师在教学中应适时创设交际语言环境和职场情境,通过不同的典型案例 提升学生的语用意识,使学生意识到语用能力的提高需要在真实情境中进行长 期实践。
4. 文化知识 【内容要求】
高等职业教育专科英语课程的文化知识涵盖哲学、 经济、科技、教育、 历 史、文学、 艺术、社会习俗、地理概况,以及中外职场文化和企业文化等。中 外优秀文化知识的学习有助于学生比较文化异同, 汲取文化精华,提高跨文化 理解与表达能力,拓宽国际视野,增强处理文化差异的意识和能力, 加深对中
华优秀传统文化、 革命文化和社会主义先进文化的认同,形成正确的价值观, 成为有文明素养和社会责任感的高素质技术技能人才。
【教学提示】
教师在教学中可以运用典型案例创设情境, 让学生通过体验 、探索、比较 等方式, 加深对文化异同的理解,正确认识和对待文化差异 , 帮助学生了解和 感悟中外优秀文化的内涵,培养学生用英语讲述中国故事的意识和能力。
5. 职业英语技能 【内容要求】
职业英语技能指在职场中运用英语进行有效沟通的能力,包括理解技能、 表达技能和互动技能。理解技能指听 、读 、看三种技能;表达技能指说 、写 、 译三种技能;互动技能指对话 、讨论 、辩论 、谈判等技能。职业英语技能能够 提升学生与职业岗位相关的英语应用能力,有助于学生拓宽就业范围、增强择 业自信心。基础模块涉及职业英语技能的内容要求见表 4,可根据情况适当补充。
表 4 高等职业教育专科英语课程基础模块职业英语技能
技能类型 | 内容要求 |
理解技能 | 能运用英语完成与职业相关的理解活动,例如能听懂、读懂、 看懂用英语描述的工作流程、产品说明书等; 能从不同视角理 解语篇的主题和内容;能分析、推断作者的意图和态度。 |
表达技能 | 能运用英语完成与职业相关的表达活动,例如能介绍自己的工 作经历、企业的基本业务、企业的主要产品等;能在职场环境 下进行简单的中英互译活动;能运用英语表达有创新性的观 点;能用图像、声音、图表等非文字资源创造性地表达意义。 |
互动技能 | 能运用英语完成职场中的互动活动,例如能进行日常商函往来 或面对面日常业务交流;能运用英语克服跨文化交际中的困难。 |
【教学提示】
教师在教学过程中应突出职场情境中的语言应用, 注重对学生听 、说、
读 、看 、写 、译等语言技能的综合训练,选择贴近学生生活和岗位需求的话 题,创设交际情境, 引导学生将英语语言知识转化为英语应用能力。
6. 语言学习策略 【内容要求】
语言学习策略是完善学生自主学习能力的重要手段,主要指学生为促进语 言学习和运用、提高语言学习效果而自主采取的方法,贯穿于语言学习和语言 运用的全过程。语言学习策略包括元认知策略、认知策略、交际策略、情感策 略等。元认知策略指学生对学习目标、学习计划、学习过程的监控 , 对学习效 果的评价、 反思与调整所采取的行动和步骤。认知策略指学生为了完成具体语 言学习任务而自主采取的方法和措施。交际策略指学生为维持交际、 克服交际 困难、增强交际效果而采取的办法。情感策略指学生主动调节学习情绪 、保持 学习热情和积极的学习态度而采取的策略 。这四类策略相互作用、相互联系, 体现了学习的认知过程和多层次性。语言学习策略有助于学生实现乐学善学、 提高学习效率,形成自主学习的好习惯。
【教学提示】
教师在教学中应注重学生语言学习策略的培养, 将策略教学有机融入语言 教学,增强学生运用语言学习策略的意识,使其能够根据不同情境和自身实 际,选择合理有效的学习策略,掌握学习方式方法,提升自主学习能力,增强 学习效果。
拓展模块面向英语水平相对较高且学有余力的学生群体开设,主要包括三 种类型:
( 1) 职业提升英语:为进入职场不同工作岗位的学生而开设的职场类英语 课程;
(2)学业提升英语:为有升学或出国留学意向的学生而开设的英语课程;
(3)素养提升英语:为提升学生个人综合素养和满足学生学习兴趣而开设 的英语课程。
鼓励有需求、有条件的院校开设满足本校需要的特色选修课程。课程内容 由教师根据国家有关规定,结合学校要求和学生需求自主选择。
学业质量是学生完成本课程学习的成效。高等职业教育专科英语课程以学 科核心素养及其表现为主要评价维度,分为两个水平。基础模块对应水平一 (包括一般要求和较高要求),拓展模块对应水平二。水平一是学生完成基础 模块后应达到的标准;水平二是学生完成拓展模块后应达到的标准。水平一 ( 一般要求)指学生能在日常生活和职场中,围绕基础模块课程内容所涉及的 职业与个人、职业与社会、职业与环境三大主题类别,以口头或书面形式基本 完成交际任务。水平一 (较高要求)指学生能在日常生活和职场中,围绕基础 模块课程内容所涉及的三大主题类别,以 口头或书面形式较为熟练地完成交际 任务。水平二围绕拓展模块描述学业质量要求。高等职业教育专科英语学业质 量水平具体要求见表 5。
表 5 高等职业教育专科英语学业质量水平具体要求
水平 分类 | 质量描述 |
水平一 (一般 要求) | 1-1 能基本听懂发音清晰、语速较慢的日常生活语篇和职场话题的语 篇,能借助语音、语调、背景知识、语境等因素理解大意,获取关键信息。 |
1-2 能基本读懂、看懂职场中的书面或视频英文资料, 理解主要内 容,获取关键信息,区分事实和观点,并进行简单推断,领会文化内 涵;能识别职场常用语篇的篇章结构与逻辑关联。 | |
1-3 能在日常生活和职场中就比较熟悉的话题与他人进行语言交流, 表达基本准确、流畅; 能借助工具或他人帮助参与工作讨论;能简单 介绍职场文化和企业文化;能简单用英语讲述中国故事。 |
续表
水平 分类 | 质量描述 |
水平一 (一般 要求) | 1-4 能以书面形式简要表达自己的经历、观点、情感;能仿写职场常 用的应用文,语句基本正确,表达清楚,格式恰当。 |
1-5 能就日常生活和职场中熟悉的话题和工作文本进行中英互译,满 足基本沟通需求。 | |
1-6 能制订明确的学习计划;能在教师引导下通过线上线下多种渠道 获取学习资源;能在学习中比较恰当地运用学习策略和方法;能在教 师指导下对自己的学习进行监控、评价、反思和调节。 | |
水平一 (较高 要求) | 2-1 能听懂一般语速的日常生活语篇和职场话题的语篇,获取关键信 息,较好地理解说话者的观点和意图。 |
2-2 能读懂、看懂职场中的书面或视频英文资料,能较为准确地提取 细节信息, 概括主旨要义;能识别语篇传递的事实性信息和隐含信 息,理解语篇传递的主旨、意义和情感;能理解职场常用语篇的篇章 结构与逻辑关联;能对语篇中的关键信息进行归类和总结;能根据语 篇中的证据和数据,做出基本的分析和推断。 | |
2-3 能在日常生活和职场中就相关话题与他人进行语言交流,表达较 为准确、连贯、流畅; 能描述语篇中不同文化现象的异同;能在职场 交流中较为恰当地表达自己的观点、情感、态度;能较为详细地介绍 职场文化和企业文化;能用英语较为生动地讲述中国故事。 | |
2-4 能以书面形式较好地表达自己的经历、观点、情感;能用英语写 出职场常用的应用文,语句正确,表达清楚,格式恰当。 | |
2-5 能就日常生活和职场中的相关话题和工作文本进行中英互译,较 好地满足沟通需求。 |
续表
水平 分类 | 质量描述 |
水平一 (较高 要求) | 2-6 能主动制订合理的学习计划;能较为自主地利用线上线下多种渠 道有效获取丰富的学习资源;能养成自主学习习惯,在学习中较为有 效地运用学习策略和方法;能自主地对自己的学习进行监控、评价、 反思和调节。 |
2-7 能达到相关行业或社会考试证书要求的英语语言知识和应用能力 水平。 | |
水平二 | 由于不同学校开设的拓展模块课程差异较大, 难以制定统一的评价 标准。 各学校可根据学校人才培养目标和学生需求,基于不同类型课 程的教学大纲,在水平一的基础上,自行制定水平二的学业质量要 求,对学生进行考核。 |
1. 坚持立德树人,发挥英语课程的育人功能
高等职业教育专科英语课程要全面贯彻党的教育方针,落实立德树人根 本任务。教师要充分发挥英语课程的育人功能,将课程内容与育人目标相融 合,积极培育和践行社会主义核心价值观。教师要关注课程内容的价值取向, 提炼课程思政元素, 根据英语学科特点, 合理设计教学活动, 引导学生拓宽 国际视野 、坚定文化自信,形成正确的世界观、人生观 、价值观,培养学生的 爱国主义情怀和民族自豪感。
2. 落实核心素养,贯穿英语课程教学全过程
高等职业教育专科阶段的英语学科核心素养是英语学科育人价值的集中体 现。教师要认真研读课程标准,深刻领会并完整把握英语学科核心素养四个方 面的内涵及相互关系,将提升学生的职场涉外沟通、多元文化交流、语言思维 提升和自主学习完善四项学科核心素养贯穿于教学活动的全过程。教师要依据 教学目标、围绕教学内容,设计符合学生情况的教学活动,全面促进学生英语 学科核心素养的提升,有效促进学业目标的达成。
3. 突出职业特色,加强语言实践应用能力培养
教师要突出职业特色,根据英语课程目标与高素质技术技能人才培养的需 要,强调课程内容与专业实践、职场需求的对接,创设与行业企业相近的教学 情境任务,通过设计语言教学活动,加强学生语言实践应用能力的培养。教师 要通过多种语言活动, 让学生体验语言规律,充分调动和发挥学生学习的积极 性、主动性和创造性,在提高英语语言实践应用能力的同时,加深其对职业理 念、职业责任和职业使命的认识与理解。
4. 提升信息素养,探索信息化背景下教与学方式的转变
教师要树立正确的信息化教学理念,注重现代信息技术在英语教学中的应 用, 努力实现英语教学与信息技术的深度融合,提高英语教学的实效。教师要 充分利用媒体、 网络、人工智能、大数据、 虚拟仿真等技术,依托慕课、 微 课、 云教学平台等网络教学手段, 利用翻转课堂 、混合教学模式等构建真实、 开放、交互、合作的教学环境。教师要指导学生充分利用各种信息资源,通过 自主学习、合作学习和探究式学习提升学生的信息素养。
5. 尊重个体差异,促进学生全面与个性化发展
学生是英语学习的主体,英语教学要以学生为主体,以学习为中心,促进 学生的全面发展。教师要根据学生认知特点和能力水平组织教学, 尊重生源差 异和个体差异,满足学生的不同需求, 构建适合学生个性化学习和自主学习的 教学模式,鼓励学生开展自主学习、合作学习和探究式学习,促进学生的全面 发展和个性化发展。教师要重视对学生学习方法和学习策略的指导,调动学生 学习的积极性; 组织丰富多彩的英语课外活动, 营造良好的英语学习氛围;指
导学生参加各类英语技能竞赛 ,使之成为英语教学的有机组成部分。
学业水平评价是高等职业教育专科英语课程的重要组成部分,其目的是促 进英语学习、 改善英语教学、完善课程设计、 监控学业质量。实施学业水平 评价时,应注意以下三方面。
1. 基于学科核心素养开展学业水平评价
对接本课程标准中明确的学业质量水平要求, 运用恰当有效的评价方法, 全面、系统地收集并科学分析 、处理有关学生学业表现的数据信息,通过多维 度的综合分析,全面考查学生英语学科核心素养的达成情况。
2. 建立科学的教学评价体系
体现评价主体、评价方式、评价过程的多元化,将教师评价、学生互评与 自我评价相结合,校内评价与校外评价相结合,形成性评价与终结性评价相结 合; 适当吸纳相关行业、企业和社会组织参与考核评价;完善学生学习过程监 测、评价与反馈机制,引导学生自我管理、主动学习,提高学习效率。
3. 充分发挥教学评价的多重功能
发挥评价对英语教学的导向、 激励、 诊断 、改进等作用,促进英语课程建 设,提高学生的语言实践应用能力,特别是运用英语处理与未来职业相关业务 的能力。根据职业教育特点,强化实践性教学环节的全过程管理与考核评价。 鼓励学生获取相关职业英语技能等级证书,培养学生的自主学习与实践能力。
教材编写是高等职业教育专科英语课程实施的重要保障。教材编写应严格 遵守《职业院校教材管理办法》等有关政策规定,须符合以下要求。
1. 坚持立德树人,突出学科核心素养
教材编写要落实立德树人根本任务,要以本课程标准为依据。教材内容要 与课程任务和课程目标保持一致,确保学生职场涉外沟通、多元文化交流、语 言思维提升和自主学习完善四项核心素养的同步提升。教材编排应围绕英语学 科核心素养展开,系统设计教材的结构内容,有机融入中华优秀文化,展现人 类文明成果 , 使学生坚持中国立场,能用英语讲述中国故事 , 同时也具备国际 视野。
2. 体现职业特色,遵循语言学习规律
教材编写要准确把握课程内容要求和学业质量标准,系统设计、合理安 排。要体现职业特色,涵盖日常生活和职场中的各种典型语篇,强调职业情境 设置和职场活动设计, 帮助学生掌握相关行业所需语言技能。要遵循语言学习 规律,将听 、说、读、 看 、写 、译多种语言技能训练相结合。鼓励校企合作开 发教材 ,倡导编写新型活页式、工作手册式教材并配套开发信息化资源。
3. 优化教材编写队伍,注重编写质量
教材编写人员要有坚定的政治立场,熟悉职业教育教学规律和学生身心发 展特点,对本专业领域有比较深入的研究,熟悉行业发展与企业用人要求,有 丰富的教学、科研和企业工作经验。要广泛吸纳学科专家、教育教学专家、具 有丰富职业教育教学经验的教师以及行业、企业相关人员参与, 组成结构合理 的教材编写队伍,以保证教材编写的科学性与适用性 , 保证教材编写质量。教 材整体设计要科学合理、 梯度明晰 , 图、文、表并茂,生动活泼,形式新颖。 书中的名称、名词、术语等要符合国家有关技术质量标准和规范。
课程资源是高等职业教育专科英语课程实施的必要条件。课程资源主要包 括文本资源 、数字化资源、教学设备资源和特色资源。应根据本校英语课程特 点, 开发和利用这些资源。
1. 文本资源
文本资源是以文本形式存在的资源 , 除教材外还包括工具书、练习册、教 师用书、课外读物、文献资源、职场语言材料等。教师选用文本资源应注意其 政治性、实用性、职业性 、时效性,及时结合最新文件更新教学观念、调整教 学方式、补充教学内容。
2. 数字化资源
数字化资源的开发和利用是推动信息化教学的有力手段。教师应通过课程 资源平台、英语教学类应用程序等获取和使用各类数字化资源( 如公开课或教 学比赛录像等), 支持线上线下混合式教学模式,满足生源多样性及学生个性 化学习的需求。高等职业教育专科学校应给予政策和经费支持,鼓励和支持英 语教师开发职业教育在线精品课程以及具有校本、 区域、国际化特色的课程资 源,确保课程目标的实现。
3. 教学设备资源
教学设备资源是保障高等职业教育专科英语课程实施的基础性条件。为英 语课程教学配备必需的设备资源(计算机、互联网 、智慧教室、语言实验室 等),提供相应的软件、互联网宽带访问等智慧教学环境,为英语教师开展教 育教学活动、丰富教学手段和方法、开发数字化课程资源创造必要条件。
4. 特色资源
特色资源包括行业资源、地方资源和生活资源等。行业资源主要是指行 业、专业特有的资源;地方资源主要是指地方特有的资源;生活资源主要是指 与学生成长相关的家庭生活、学校生活、职业生活等方面的资源。教师要根据 教学内容特点,合理开发和利用这些资源 , 丰富学生的英语学习体验; 同时要 指导学生充分利用这些特色资源,将生活与学习有机地融合在一起。
1. 基本要求
高等职业教育专科英语教师应有理想信念、有道德情操、有扎实学识、有仁 爱之心;有高校教师资格,有英语类相关专业本科及以上学历;有扎实的学科专 业知识和学科教学知识;有较强的实践能力、反思能力、信息化教学能力;能够 有效实施英语教学,开展教学研究。
教师应主动适应高等职业教育专科发展的新形势,不断更新教育理念,主动 研究高等职业教育专科英语教学规律,创造性地探索新的教学模式;应主动适 应本课程标准的要求,适应信息化环境下英语教学发展的需要,树立终身发展的 理念,制订切实可行的发展计划。
2. 专业提升
要建立高等职业教育专科英语教师定期到行业、企业实践的制度, 支持教 师通过培训学习获得相关职业资格证书,提升教师“双师 ”素质;定期对教师 在教学理论、教学方法和教育技术等方面进行培训;鼓励教师申报科研课题和 教学成果奖,提高教学研究能力; 支持教师参加相关职业技能大赛和教学能 力比赛 , 切实提升教师的专业化水平; 支持教师参与国际交流、 访学、研修 等项目,拓宽视野,提高跨文化交际能力。
3. 团队建设
要重视高等职业教育专科英语教师队伍建设, 优化师资队伍年龄 、性别、 职称与学历结构 , 从整体上增强英语教师队伍的实力和竞争力。 建立学科带头 人制度, 组建教师创新团队,形成教师之间相互学习的教研机制和专业发展机 制,开展教师之间的合作教学与研究; 吸纳行业、企业人员 , 建立结构合理、 专兼融合的教师队伍。有条件的学校可以聘请外籍教师。
本课程标准是高等职业教育专科英语课程教学的指导性文件,是新时代高
等职业教育专科学校进行课程建设、开展课程评价的依据。地方教育行政部门 应负责本课程标准实施的统筹规划与管理督导, 保证课程足量开设,并加强对 英语课程质量的评估和管理。应加强师德师风建设,根据英语课程实施的需要提 升教师素质。
学校应高度重视本课程标准的实施,加强对英语课程教学在落实立德树 人、提升核心素养等方面的指导与督查,引导英语课程教学有效服务于学校的 办学目标、专业人才培养目标和学生的个性化发展;学校应投入充足经费,及 时给予政策指导与支持。
学校应规范英语课程教研室( 组) 建设, 建立健全课程教学管理运行机 制,通过教学实施、过程监控、质量评价和持续改进,强化对教学过程的指导 和督查,确保英语课程教学达成既定教学目标。学校应加强英语课程教学的日 常组织运行与管理,定期开展课程建设水平和教学质量诊断与改进, 建立健全 巡课、 听课、评教、评学等教学效能评价制度。学校应加强课堂教学管理,规 范教学秩序 ,打造优质课堂。
鉴于全国各类高等职业教育专科学校的教学资源、学生入学水平、职业方 向以及所面临的社会需求等有较大差异 , 各校应根据本课程标准, 制定符合本 校实际情况的实施方案,指导本校的英语课程教学,充分体现分类指导、 因材 施教的原则。
本表共收词汇 3000 个,包括入学时应掌握的词汇 2100 个、基础模块词汇
500 个(用*标记)和拓展模块词汇 400 个(用**标记)。
** | accurate |
** | accuse |
ache | |
achieve | |
* | acid |
** | acknowledge |
acquire | |
across | |
act | |
active | |
actor/actress | |
actually | |
* | AD |
adapt | |
add | |
addict | |
address | |
adjust | |
* | administration |
admire | |
admit | |
** | adopt |
** | adorable |
adult |
advance | |
advantage | |
adventure | |
* | advertise |
advertisement/ad | |
advice | |
advise | |
* | advocate |
affair | |
* | affect |
afford | |
afraid | |
after | |
afternoon | |
** | afterwards |
again | |
against | |
age | |
** | agenda |
agent | |
ago | |
agree | |
agriculture | |
ahead |
A | |
a/an | |
** | abandon |
able | |
** | abnormal |
* | aboard |
about | |
above | |
abroad | |
absent | |
absolutely | |
** | absorb |
** | abstract |
* | abuse |
* | academic |
* | accent |
accept | |
* | access |
accident | |
** | accommodation |
* | accompany |
** | accomplish |
* | according |
account |
* | AI/artificial intelligence |
aid | |
aim | |
air | |
airline | |
airport | |
* | aisle |
alarm | |
album | |
** | alcohol |
* | alert |
alike | |
alive | |
all | |
allow | |
almost | |
alone | |
along | |
* | alongside |
aloud | |
already | |
also | |
* | alternative |
although | |
* | altogether |
always | |
a.m. | |
** | amateur |
amazing | |
** | ambition |
ambulance | |
** | amendment |
among | |
amount | |
** | amuse |
** | analyse |
** | ancestor |
ancient | |
and | |
* | angle |
angry | |
animal | |
* | ankle |
announce | |
** | annoy |
annual | |
another | |
answer | |
ant | |
** | anticipate |
** | antique |
anxious | |
any | |
anybody/anyone | |
* | anyhow |
* | anymore |
anything | |
anyway | |
anywhere | |
* | apart |
apartment | |
* | apologise |
* | apparently |
** | appeal |
appear | |
appetite | |
** | applaud |
apple | |
apply | |
appointment | |
appreciate | |
approach | |
** | appropriate |
* | approve |
** | arch |
* | architect |
area |
** | astronaut |
* | astronomer |
at | |
athlete | |
ATM/Automatic Teller Machine | |
* | atmosphere |
attach | |
attack | |
* | attain |
attempt | |
attend | |
attention | |
attitude | |
attract | |
audience | |
aunt | |
author | |
authority | |
* | auto/automobile |
automatic | |
** | autonomous |
autumn/fall | |
available | |
** | avenue |
average |
argue | |
* | arise |
arm | |
army | |
around | |
arrange | |
* | arrest |
arrive | |
** | arrow |
art | |
article | |
** | artificial |
as | |
** | ashamed |
* | aside |
ask | |
asleep | |
aspect | |
** | assess |
* | asset |
** | assign |
assistant | |
* | association |
assume | |
* | assumption |
** | astonish |
avoid | |
awake | |
award | |
aware | |
away | |
** | awesome |
awful | |
awkward | |
B | |
baby | |
back | |
backache | |
background | |
* | backwards |
bacon | |
bad | |
badly | |
badminton | |
bag | |
bake | |
balance | |
ball | |
ballet | |
balloon | |
bamboo | |
* | ban |
bear | |
beard | |
beat | |
* | beauty |
because | |
become | |
bed | |
bedroom | |
beef | |
beer | |
before | |
begin | |
** | behalf |
** | behave |
* | behaviour |
behind | |
* | being |
* | belief |
believe | |
bell | |
belong | |
below | |
belt | |
* | bend |
beneath | |
benefit |
banana | |
band | |
bank | |
bar | |
barbecue | |
* | barely |
* | bark |
** | barrier |
base | |
baseball | |
basic | |
basin | |
basis | |
basket | |
basketball | |
bat | |
bath | |
bathroom | |
bathtub | |
battery | |
battle | |
* | bay |
* | BC |
* | be (am,is, are) |
beach | |
bean |
beside | |
besides | |
best | |
** | bet |
better | |
between | |
beyond | |
big | |
* | bike/bicycle |
bill | |
* | billion |
biology | |
bird | |
birth | |
birthday | |
biscuit | |
bit | |
bite | |
bitter | |
black | |
blackboard | |
* | blame |
blank | |
blanket | |
* | bleed |
* | bless |
bridge | |
brief | |
bright | |
brilliant | |
bring | |
broad | |
broadcast | |
brochure | |
broken | |
brother | |
brown | |
brush | |
budget | |
** | buffet |
build | |
* | bunch |
burger | |
burn | |
* | bury |
bus | |
business | |
* | businessman/ businesswoman |
busy | |
but | |
** | butcher |
both | |
bother | |
bottle | |
bottom | |
* | bounce |
** | bound |
** | boundary |
* | bow |
bowl | |
** | bowling |
box | |
boxing | |
boy | |
brain | |
* | brake |
branch | |
** | brand |
brave | |
bread | |
break | |
breakfast | |
* | breast |
* | breath |
breathe | |
* | brick |
* | bride/bridegroom |
blind | |
block | |
blog | |
blood | |
blouse | |
blow | |
blue | |
board | |
boat | |
body | |
* | boil |
* | bomb |
** | bond |
bone | |
** | bonus |
book | |
booklet | |
bookshop | |
* | boost |
boot | |
border | |
** | bore |
born | |
borrow | |
boss | |
** | botanical |
** | cast |
castle | |
cat | |
catch | |
* | category |
cattle | |
cause | |
* | caution |
** | cave |
** | cease |
ceiling | |
celebrate | |
** | celebrity |
cell | |
cent | |
* | centimetre |
central | |
* | centre |
century | |
cereal | |
certain | |
* | certificate |
chain | |
chair | |
* | chairman/chairwoman/ chairperson |
* | candidate |
candle | |
candy | |
** | canteen |
cap | |
capable | |
** | capacity |
capital | |
** | capsule |
captain | |
** | capture |
car | |
carbon | |
card | |
care | |
career | |
** | cargo |
carpet | |
carrot | |
carry | |
cart | |
cartoon | |
** | carve |
case | |
cash | |
cashier |
butter | |
button | |
buy | |
by | |
C | |
* | cabbage |
* | cabin |
café | |
** | cafeteria |
* | cage |
cake | |
** | calculate |
calendar | |
call | |
** | calligraphy |
calm | |
** | calorie |
* | camel |
camera | |
camp | |
** | campaign |
campus | |
can | |
* | canal |
cancel | |
cancer |
chief | |
* | child |
childhood | |
** | chilli |
chip | |
chocolate | |
choice | |
* | choke |
choose | |
* | chop |
chopsticks | |
chore | |
* | chorus |
Christmas | |
church | |
* | cigarette |
cinema | |
circle | |
** | circuit |
** | circumstance |
** | circus |
* | cite |
** | citizen |
city | |
* | civil |
* | civilian |
chalk | |
challenge | |
champion | |
chance | |
change | |
channel | |
* | chaos |
chapter | |
character | |
charge | |
charity | |
* | chart |
chat | |
cheap | |
* | cheat |
check | |
* | cheek |
cheer | |
** | cheese |
chef | |
chemistry | |
** | cheque |
chess | |
chest | |
* | chew |
chicken |
* | civilisation |
claim | |
clap | |
** | clarify |
class | |
classic | |
classmate | |
classroom | |
* | clay |
clean | |
clear | |
clerk | |
clever | |
click | |
** | client |
climate | |
climb | |
clinic | |
clock | |
** | clone |
close | |
* | cloth |
clothes | |
cloud | |
clown | |
club |
** | commission |
** | commit |
committee | |
common | |
communicate | |
* | communist |
community | |
company | |
compare | |
* | compete |
* | competence |
complain | |
** | complaint |
complete | |
** | complex |
** | complicated |
** | component |
* | compose |
* | comprehension |
* | comprehensive |
** | comprise |
computer | |
concentrate | |
** | concept |
concern | |
concert |
* | clue |
coach | |
coal | |
coast | |
coat | |
code | |
coffee | |
coin | |
cola | |
cold | |
* | collapse |
** | collar |
** | colleague |
collect | |
college | |
* | colour |
** | column |
comb | |
* | combine |
come | |
* | comedy |
* | comfort |
** | comic |
* | command |
comment | |
* | commerce |
* | conclude |
* | concrete |
condition | |
conduct | |
conference | |
confidence | |
confirm | |
** | conflict |
** | Confucianism |
** | Confucius |
* | confuse |
congratulation | |
connect | |
* | consequence |
** | conservation |
** | conservative |
consider | |
* | consist |
consistent | |
* | constant |
* | constitution |
construct | |
* | consult |
** | consume |
contact | |
contain |
* | correspond |
cost | |
* | costume |
* | cottage |
cotton | |
cough | |
could | |
** | council |
count | |
counter | |
country | |
countryside | |
county | |
couple | |
** | coupon |
courage | |
course | |
court | |
cousin | |
cover | |
cow | |
co-worker | |
craft | |
crash | |
crayon | |
crazy |
* | contemporary |
content | |
** | contest |
context | |
continent | |
continue | |
contract | |
** | contradictory |
* | contrary |
** | contrast |
contribute | |
control | |
convenient | |
* | conventional |
conversation | |
* | convince |
cook | |
cookie | |
cool | |
* | cooperate |
copy | |
* | core |
corn | |
corner | |
** | corporation |
correct |
cream | |
create | |
** | creature |
credit | |
** | crew |
* | crime |
* | crisis |
** | crisp |
** | criterion |
* | critical |
** | criticize |
* | crop |
cross | |
crossroads | |
crowd | |
** | crucial |
* | cruel |
cry | |
** | cuisine |
culture | |
cup | |
cupboard | |
cure | |
curious | |
current | |
curry |
death | |
** | debate |
* | debt |
* | decade |
* | decent |
decide | |
declare | |
* | decline |
decorate | |
* | decrease |
deep | |
deer | |
* | defeat |
* | defend |
* | deficit |
definite | |
** | definition |
degree | |
delay | |
** | delete |
* | delicate |
delicious | |
** | delighted |
deliver | |
demand | |
* | democratic |
curtain | |
custom | |
customer | |
cut | |
cute | |
cycle | |
D | |
dad | |
daily | |
dairy | |
damage | |
** | damp |
dance | |
danger | |
* | dare |
dark | |
data | |
database | |
date | |
daughter | |
day | |
dead | |
* | deadline |
deaf | |
deal | |
dear |
** | demonstrate |
dentist | |
* | deny |
department | |
* | departure |
depend | |
deposit | |
** | depress |
** | depth |
describe | |
desert | |
** | deserve |
design | |
desire | |
desk | |
* | desperate |
despite | |
dessert | |
destination | |
destroy | |
detail | |
* | detect |
determine | |
develop | |
device | |
* | devote |
** | discipline |
discount | |
discover | |
** | discrimination |
discuss | |
disease | |
dish | |
* | disk |
* | dismiss |
display | |
distance | |
** | distinct |
** | distinguish |
* | distribution |
district | |
* | disturb |
* | dive |
* | diverse |
divide | |
** | dizzy |
do/does | |
doctor/Dr. | |
document | |
dog | |
doll | |
dollar |
diagram | |
* | dialogue |
** | diamond |
diary | |
** | dictation |
dictionary | |
die | |
diet | |
* | differ |
difficult | |
dig | |
** | digest |
digital | |
* | dignity |
** | dimension |
dining | |
dinner | |
** | dinosaur |
diploma | |
direct | |
** | directory |
dirty | |
** | disable |
disappear | |
disappointed | |
disaster |
dolphin | |
** | domain |
** | domestic |
** | dominate |
donate | |
door | |
* | dorm/dormitory |
double | |
doubt | |
down | |
download | |
downstairs | |
downtown | |
dozen | |
draft | |
drag | |
dragon | |
drama | |
draw | |
drawer | |
dream | |
dress | |
** | drill |
drink | |
drive | |
driveway |
* | ease |
east | |
easy | |
eat | |
** | ecology |
* | economy |
edge | |
editor | |
* | educate |
effect | |
efficient | |
effort | |
egg | |
E-hailing | |
either | |
elder | |
elect | |
electricity | |
electronic | |
* | elegant |
element | |
elephant | |
eleven | |
** | eliminate |
else | |
* | elsewhere |
drop | |
drought | |
drug | |
drum | |
dry | |
duck | |
due | |
dull | |
dumpling | |
** | duration |
during | |
* | dust |
** | dustbin |
duty | |
* | dynamic |
dynasty | |
E | |
each | |
eager | |
** | eagle |
ear | |
early | |
earn | |
earring | |
earth | |
earthquake |
* | embarrassed |
** | embrace |
** | emerge |
emergency | |
* | emotion |
** | emperor |
** | emphasis |
* | employ |
empty | |
enable | |
* | encounter |
encourage | |
end | |
enemy | |
energy | |
** | engage |
engine | |
engineer | |
** | enhance |
enjoy | |
** | enormous |
enough | |
ensure | |
enter | |
** | enterprise |
eve | |
even | |
evening | |
event | |
eventually | |
ever | |
every | |
everyday | |
everyone/everybody | |
everything | |
everywhere | |
* | evidence |
exact | |
* | exam/examination |
examine | |
example | |
excellent | |
except | |
* | exceptional |
exchange | |
* | excite |
excuse | |
** | executive |
exercise | |
* | exhibition |
exist |
* | entertainment |
* | enthusiastic |
entire | |
* | entitle |
entrance | |
entry | |
envelope | |
environment | |
** | envy |
* | episode |
equal | |
** | equator |
equipment | |
** | era |
eraser | |
error | |
** | erupt |
escape | |
especially | |
* | essay |
essential | |
establish | |
** | estate |
* | estimate |
* | euro |
** | evaluate |
exit | |
* | expand |
expect | |
* | expense |
experience | |
experiment | |
expert | |
explain | |
* | explode |
explore | |
export | |
* | expose |
express | |
* | extend |
extent | |
external | |
extinction | |
extra | |
** | extraordinary |
extremely | |
eye | |
F | |
* | fabric |
face | |
facility | |
fact |
fee | |
feed | |
feel | |
fellow | |
female | |
fence | |
festival | |
** | fetch |
fever | |
few | |
** | fibre |
* | fiction |
field | |
fight | |
figure | |
file | |
fill | |
film | |
final | |
** | finance |
find | |
fine | |
finger | |
finish | |
fire | |
firefighter |
factor | |
factory | |
fail | |
fair | |
* | faith |
fall | |
* | false |
familiar | |
family | |
famous | |
fan | |
fancy | |
* | fantasy |
far | |
* | fare |
farmer | |
fashion | |
fast | |
fat | |
father | |
fault | |
* | favour |
* | favourite |
fear | |
feature | |
* | federal |
fireplace | |
fireworks | |
firm | |
first | |
fish | |
* | fist |
fit | |
fix | |
flag | |
flame | |
flash | |
* | flashlight |
flat | |
** | flavour |
flexible | |
flight | |
flood | |
floor | |
* | flour |
flow | |
flowchart | |
flower | |
flu | |
fluent | |
fly | |
focus |
forward | |
* | found |
** | foundation |
** | fountain |
* | fox |
** | fragile |
** | frame |
frank | |
free | |
freeze | |
frequent | |
fresh | |
** | friction |
* | fridge/refrigerator |
friend | |
* | frighten |
* | frog |
from | |
front | |
* | frontier |
** | frost |
fruit | |
fry | |
fuel | |
full | |
fun |
fog | |
* | fold |
folk | |
follow | |
fond | |
food | |
fool | |
* | foot |
football | |
for | |
force | |
forecast | |
forehead | |
foreign | |
forest | |
forever | |
forget | |
* | forgive |
fork | |
form | |
formal | |
** | format |
former | |
* | forth |
* | fortune |
forum |
function | |
fund | |
** | fundamental |
funny | |
furniture | |
further | |
future | |
G | |
gain | |
* | gallery |
** | gallon |
game | |
gap | |
garage | |
* | garbage |
garden | |
* | garlic |
gas | |
gate | |
gather | |
* | gay |
gender | |
** | gene |
general | |
** | generate |
generation |
generous | |
** | genius |
* | gentle |
gentleman | |
* | genuine |
geography | |
** | geometry |
* | gesture |
get | |
* | giant |
gift | |
giraffe | |
girl | |
give | |
glad | |
glass | |
* | globe |
glory | |
glove | |
glue | |
go | |
goal | |
* | goat |
god | |
gold | |
golf |
good | |
goodbye | |
goods | |
government | |
* | grab |
grade | |
* | gradually |
graduate | |
** | grain |
grammar | |
* | gramme |
** | grand |
grandchild/grandson/ granddaughter | |
grandparent/ grandfather/granddad/ grandpa/grandmother/ grandma | |
granny | |
* | grant |
grape | |
* | grasp |
grass | |
grateful | |
* | gravity |
great | |
** | greedy |
green |
greenhouse | |
greet | |
grey | |
grilled | |
grocery | |
ground | |
group | |
grow | |
guarantee | |
guard | |
guess | |
guest | |
guide | |
guidebook | |
guideline | |
* | guilty |
guitar | |
gun | |
guy | |
gym/gymnasium | |
gymnastics | |
H | |
habit | |
** | habitat |
hair | |
hairdresser |
* | have/has |
he | |
head | |
headache | |
* | headline |
headmaster | |
* | headphone |
* | headteacher |
health | |
hear | |
heart | |
heat | |
heavy | |
height | |
* | hell |
hello | |
help | |
hen | |
** | hence |
her | |
** | herb |
here | |
hero | |
hers | |
herself | |
hesitate |
hairdryer | |
half | |
* | halfway |
hall | |
ham | |
hamburger | |
hammer | |
hand | |
handbag | |
* | handkerchief |
handle | |
* | handmade |
handsome | |
* | handwriting |
hang | |
happen | |
happy | |
hard | |
hardly | |
* | hardware |
harm | |
* | harmony |
harvest | |
hat | |
** | hatch |
hate |
hi | |
hide | |
high | |
** | highlight |
high-tech | |
* | highway |
** | hike |
hill | |
him | |
himself | |
hip-hop | |
hire | |
his | |
history | |
hit | |
hobby | |
** | hockey |
hold | |
hole | |
holiday | |
home | |
* | homeland |
hometown | |
homework | |
honest | |
honey |
hurry | |
hurt | |
husband | |
* | hydrogen |
I | |
I | |
ice | |
idea | |
* | ideal |
* | identify |
identity | |
** | idiom |
if | |
ignore | |
ill | |
* | illegal |
illustrate | |
image | |
imagine | |
immediately | |
** | immigrant |
impact | |
* | implement |
* | imply |
import | |
important |
* | honour |
* | hook |
hope | |
horrible | |
horse | |
hospital | |
host/hostess | |
hot | |
hotdog | |
hotel | |
hour | |
house | |
household | |
housewife | |
housework | |
how | |
however | |
hug | |
huge | |
human | |
** | humble |
humorous | |
hundred | |
hungry | |
hunt | |
** | hurricane |
impossible | |
* | impress |
improve | |
in | |
inch | |
** | incident |
include | |
income | |
increase | |
* | incredible |
indeed | |
independent | |
indicate | |
individual | |
indoor | |
industry | |
** | infect |
** | infer |
influence | |
* | informal |
information | |
** | initial |
** | initiative |
injure | |
* | inn |
** | inner |
** | innocent |
* | innovation |
* | input |
** | inquire |
insect | |
** | insert |
inside | |
** | insight |
* | insist |
** | inspection |
inspire | |
install | |
** | instance |
* | instant |
instead | |
* | institute |
** | institution |
instruction | |
instrument | |
insurance | |
** | integrate |
* | integrity |
intelligent | |
intend | |
* | intense |
** | interaction |
J | |
jacket | |
jam | |
jaw | |
* | jazz |
jeans | |
* | jewellery |
job | |
jog | |
join | |
* | joint |
joke | |
journal | |
* | journalist |
journey | |
joy | |
judge | |
juice | |
jump | |
* | jungle |
junior | |
* | jury |
just | |
justice | |
* | justify |
K |
interest | |
* | internal |
international | |
Internet | |
** | internship |
* | interpret |
* | interrupt |
** | intervention |
interview | |
into | |
introduce | |
invent | |
* | invest |
** | investigate |
invite | |
** | invoice |
* | involve |
* | IOT/Internet of things |
iron | |
island | |
issue | |
it | |
IT/information technology | |
item | |
its | |
itself |
* | labour |
lack | |
ladder | |
lady | |
lake | |
* | lamb |
lamp | |
land | |
* | landscape |
** | lane |
language | |
lantern | |
lap | |
* | laptop |
large | |
* | laser |
last | |
late | |
latter | |
laugh | |
** | launch |
laundry | |
law | |
* | lawn |
lawyer | |
lay |
kangaroo | |
* | keen |
keep | |
** | kettle |
key | |
keyboard | |
kick | |
kid | |
kill | |
kilo/kilogramme | |
* | kilometre |
kind | |
kindergarten | |
king | |
* | kingdom |
kiss | |
kit | |
kitchen | |
kite | |
knee | |
knife | |
knock | |
know | |
L | |
* | lab/laboratory |
label |
* | layer |
lazy | |
lead | |
leaf | |
* | league |
** | leak |
** | lean |
learn | |
least | |
* | leather |
leave | |
lecture | |
left | |
leg | |
* | legal |
leisure | |
lemon | |
lend | |
length | |
less | |
lesson | |
let | |
letter | |
level | |
* | liberal |
** | liberation |
** | loaf |
** | loan |
lobby | |
local | |
locate | |
lock | |
** | log |
** | logical |
lonely | |
long | |
look | |
loose | |
lose | |
lot | |
loud | |
love | |
low | |
luck | |
* | luggage |
lunar | |
lunch | |
* | lung |
* | luxury |
M | |
machine | |
mad |
** | liberty |
library | |
* | licence |
* | lid |
lie | |
life | |
lift | |
light | |
lightning | |
like | |
limit | |
line | |
link | |
lion | |
lip | |
* | liquid |
list | |
listen | |
* | literally |
* | literary |
* | litre |
litter | |
little | |
live | |
lively | |
** | load |
madam | |
magazine | |
magic | |
main | |
* | mainland |
maintain | |
major | |
make | |
make-up | |
male | |
man | |
manage | |
mango | |
* | mankind |
manner | |
* | manufacture |
many | |
map | |
** | marathon |
march | |
mark | |
market | |
marry | |
mass | |
** | massage |
* | melt |
member | |
memo | |
** | memorial |
memory | |
mental | |
mention | |
menu | |
** | mercy |
** | merely |
merry | |
mess | |
message | |
metal | |
method | |
* | metre |
** | microscope |
* | microwave |
middle | |
midnight | |
might | |
* | mild |
mile | |
military | |
milk | |
* | millimetre |
master | |
match | |
mate | |
material | |
* | maths/mathematics |
matter | |
** | mature |
** | maximum |
may | |
maybe | |
mayor | |
me | |
meal | |
mean | |
means | |
* | meanwhile |
measure | |
meat | |
mechanic | |
medal | |
medical | |
medicine | |
** | medium |
meet | |
meeting | |
melon |
million | |
mind | |
mine | |
* | mineral |
** | minimum |
** | minister |
** | minor |
** | minus |
minute | |
* | miracle |
* | mirror |
miss | |
* | missile |
missing | |
** | mission |
** | mist |
mistake | |
mix | |
mobile | |
** | mode |
model | |
modern | |
moment | |
money | |
monitor | |
monkey |
much | |
* | mud |
mug | |
** | multiple |
* | murder |
* | muscle |
museum | |
* | mushroom |
music | |
must | |
** | mutton |
my | |
myself | |
N | |
** | nail |
name | |
narrow | |
nation | |
native | |
nature | |
** | naughty |
** | navy |
near | |
nearby | |
neat | |
necessary |
month | |
** | mood |
moon | |
** | mop |
** | moral |
more | |
moreover | |
morning | |
mosque | |
** | mosquito |
most | |
mother/mum | |
** | motion |
** | motivate |
** | motive |
motor | |
motorbike | |
motorway | |
** | motto |
* | mount |
mountain | |
* | mouse |
mouth | |
move | |
movie | |
Mr/Mrs/Ms |
neck | |
necklace | |
need | |
* | needle |
negative | |
** | negotiate |
* | neighbour |
neighbourhood | |
neither | |
nephew | |
nervous | |
** | nest |
* | net |
network | |
never | |
* | nevertheless |
new | |
news | |
newspaper | |
next | |
nice | |
niece | |
night | |
no | |
** | noble |
nobody |
o’clock | |
obey | |
object | |
* | objective |
observe | |
* | obtain |
obvious | |
occasion | |
* | occupation |
* | occupy |
occur | |
ocean | |
odd | |
of | |
off | |
* | offense |
offer | |
office | |
officer | |
official | |
often | |
oh | |
oil | |
OK | |
old | |
Olympic |
nod | |
noise | |
none | |
noodle | |
noon | |
nor | |
normal | |
north | |
nose | |
not | |
note | |
notebook | |
nothing | |
notice | |
* | notion |
novel | |
now | |
nowadays | |
nowhere | |
* | nuclear |
number | |
* | numerous |
nurse | |
nut | |
* | nutrition |
O |
omelette | |
on | |
once | |
one | |
oneself | |
onion | |
online | |
only | |
onto | |
open | |
opera | |
operate | |
opinion | |
** | opponent |
opportunity | |
* | oppose |
opposite | |
* | optimistic |
option | |
or | |
** | oral |
orange | |
* | orbit |
order | |
ordinary | |
* | organ |
* | pace |
pack | |
package | |
page | |
pain | |
paint | |
pair | |
pal | |
palace | |
pale | |
* | pan |
pancake | |
panda | |
** | panel |
* | panic |
paper | |
* | paragraph |
** | parcel |
pardon | |
parent | |
park | |
part | |
* | participate |
particular | |
partner | |
party |
* | organic |
* | organisation |
organise | |
** | origin |
other | |
otherwise | |
our | |
ours | |
ourselves | |
out | |
* | outcome |
outdoor | |
outgoing | |
* | outline |
output | |
outside | |
* | outstanding |
over | |
* | overall |
* | overcome |
overseas | |
overweight | |
* | owe |
own | |
oxygen | |
P |
pass | |
passage | |
passenger | |
** | passion |
passive | |
passport | |
password | |
past | |
pasta | |
* | patent |
path | |
patient | |
pattern | |
pause | |
pay | |
* | PC/personal computer |
* | PE/physical education |
pea | |
peace | |
* | peak |
pear | |
pen | |
pencil | |
* | penny |
people | |
pepper |
playground | |
please | |
plenty | |
** | plot |
** | plug |
** | plumber |
plural | |
plus | |
p.m. | |
poem | |
* | poet |
point | |
poison | |
** | polar |
pole | |
police | |
* | policeman/ policewoman |
policy | |
** | polish |
polite | |
* | politics |
** | poll |
pollute | |
** | pond |
piano | |
pick | |
picnic | |
picture | |
pie | |
piece | |
pig | |
pill | |
pillow | |
pilot | |
* | pin |
pink | |
pioneer | |
pipe | |
pity | |
pizza | |
place | |
* | plain |
plan | |
plane/aeroplane | |
planet | |
plant | |
plastic | |
plate | |
platform | |
play |
per | |
** | perceive |
percent | |
* | perception |
perfect | |
perform | |
perhaps | |
period | |
** | permanent |
permit | |
person | |
* | personnel |
* | perspective |
persuade | |
** | pessimistic |
pet | |
petrol | |
** | phase |
* | phenomenon |
** | philosophy |
phone/telephone | |
* | photo |
* | phrase |
physical | |
* | physician |
physics |
praise | |
** | pray |
precaution | |
** | precious |
* | precisely |
* | predict |
prefer | |
** | prejudice |
** | premier |
prepare | |
present | |
** | preserve |
president | |
press | |
* | pretend |
pretty | |
prevent | |
previous | |
price | |
pride | |
primary | |
** | prime |
** | primitive |
* | principle |
** | prior |
pool | |
poor | |
* | popular |
population | |
pork | |
port | |
** | portion |
** | pose |
position | |
positive | |
* | possession |
possible | |
post | |
postcard | |
poster | |
postpone | |
pot | |
potato | |
** | potential |
pound | |
pour | |
* | poverty |
powder | |
power | |
* | practical |
practice |
* | prison |
private | |
prize | |
probably | |
problem | |
procedure | |
* | proceed |
process | |
produce | |
product | |
** | profession |
* | professor |
** | profile |
profit | |
* | programme |
progress | |
* | prohibit |
project | |
promise | |
promote | |
pronounce | |
* | proof |
proper | |
* | property |
proposal | |
* | prospect |
* | qualify |
quality | |
quantity | |
quarter | |
queen | |
question | |
** | queue |
quick | |
quiet | |
quit | |
quite | |
** | quiz |
* | quote |
R | |
rabbit | |
race | |
racket | |
** | radiation |
radio | |
** | radium |
railway | |
rain | |
* | rainbow |
raincoat | |
raise | |
** | random |
protect | |
* | protein |
protest | |
proud | |
prove | |
provide | |
province | |
* | psychology |
* | pub |
public | |
publish | |
pudding | |
pull | |
pumpkin | |
punish | |
pupil | |
purchase | |
pure | |
purple | |
purpose | |
* | purse |
** | pursue |
push | |
put | |
puzzle | |
Q |
range | |
** | rank |
rap | |
rapid | |
* | rare |
rat | |
rate | |
rather | |
raw | |
* | ray |
reach | |
* | react |
read | |
ready | |
real | |
** | realistic |
* | realize |
reason | |
* | recall |
receive | |
recent | |
* | reception |
** | recipe |
** | recite |
* | recognise |
recommend |
relief | |
* | religious |
* | rely |
remain | |
* | remarkable |
remember | |
remind | |
** | remote |
remove | |
rent | |
repair | |
repeat | |
replace | |
reply | |
report | |
represent | |
republic | |
** | reputation |
request | |
require | |
** | rescue |
research | |
** | reserve |
** | resident |
* | resign |
* | resistance |
record | |
recover | |
** | recreation |
* | recycle |
red | |
reduce | |
refer | |
reflect | |
* | reform |
** | refresh |
** | refund |
refuse | |
regard | |
** | regardless |
region | |
* | register |
regret | |
regular | |
** | regulation |
reject | |
* | relate |
relative | |
relax | |
** | relay |
** | release |
* | relevant |
* | resolve |
resort | |
resource | |
respect | |
** | respective |
respond | |
responsible | |
rest | |
restaurant | |
* | restore |
* | restrict |
result | |
resume | |
retell | |
retire | |
return | |
reunion | |
reveal | |
* | revenue |
review | |
revise | |
* | revolution |
* | reward |
** | rhyme |
rice | |
rich |
route | |
** | routine |
row | |
** | royal |
* | rub |
rubber | |
rubbish | |
* | rude |
rugby | |
* | ruin |
rule | |
run | |
* | rural |
rush | |
S | |
sad | |
safe | |
safeguard | |
sail | |
* | sake |
salad | |
salary | |
sale | |
* | salesman/saleswoman/ salesperson |
salt |
** | riddle |
ride | |
rift | |
right | |
** | rigid |
ring | |
** | ripe |
rise | |
risk | |
river | |
road | |
roast | |
robot | |
rock | |
* | rocket |
role | |
roll | |
romantic | |
roof | |
room | |
root | |
rope | |
rose | |
* | rough |
round | |
roundabout |
same | |
sample | |
sand | |
sandstorm | |
sandwich | |
** | satellite |
satisfy | |
sauce | |
** | saucer |
sausage | |
save | |
say | |
* | saying |
* | scale |
scan | |
scare | |
scarf | |
scene | |
schedule | |
** | scholarship |
school | |
schoolbag | |
science | |
scissors | |
score | |
* | scream |
sentence | |
separate | |
series | |
serious | |
** | servant |
serve | |
* | session |
set | |
* | setting |
settle | |
several | |
** | severe |
* | sew |
sex | |
shade | |
shadow | |
shake | |
shall | |
shallow | |
shame | |
shampoo | |
shape | |
share | |
** | shark |
sharp | |
** | shave |
screen | |
** | sculpture |
sea | |
** | seal |
search | |
season | |
seat | |
second | |
* | secondary |
secret | |
secretary | |
section | |
* | sector |
** | secure |
see | |
seed | |
seek | |
seem | |
* | seize |
seldom | |
select | |
sell | |
send | |
senior | |
sense | |
* | sensitive |
she | |
sheep | |
sheet | |
* | shelf |
** | shelter |
* | shift |
shine | |
ship | |
shirt | |
shock | |
shoe | |
shoot | |
shop | |
shore | |
short | |
should | |
shoulder | |
shout | |
show | |
shower | |
shut | |
shy | |
sick | |
side | |
sidewalk | |
sight |
skill | |
skin | |
skip | |
skirt | |
sky | |
sleep | |
** | sleeve |
slice | |
slide | |
slight | |
slim | |
slip | |
slow | |
small | |
smart | |
smell | |
smile | |
smog | |
smoke | |
smooth | |
snack | |
snake | |
sneaker | |
** | sneeze |
snow | |
snowboarding |
sightseeing | |
sign | |
signal | |
** | signature |
significant | |
silent | |
silk | |
silly | |
silver | |
similar | |
simple | |
since | |
sincere | |
sing | |
single | |
singular | |
** | sink |
sir | |
sister | |
sit | |
site | |
situation | |
size | |
skate | |
skateboard | |
ski |
so | |
soap | |
soccer | |
* | socialist |
society | |
sock | |
sofa | |
soft | |
software | |
soil | |
* | solar |
soldier | |
solid | |
solve | |
some | |
somebody/someone | |
somehow | |
something | |
sometimes | |
* | somewhat |
somewhere | |
son | |
song | |
soon | |
sore | |
** | sorrow |
** | sponsor |
spoon | |
sport | |
sportswear | |
* | spot |
* | spray |
spread | |
spring | |
* | spy |
square | |
* | stability |
* | stadium |
staff | |
stage | |
stair | |
stamp | |
stand | |
standard | |
star | |
* | stare |
start | |
** | starve |
state | |
station | |
** | stationery |
** | statistic |
sorry | |
sort | |
soul | |
sound | |
soup | |
* | sour |
source | |
south | |
** | souvenir |
** | sow |
space | |
* | spaceship |
spare | |
speak | |
special | |
specialty | |
* | species |
specific | |
speech | |
speed | |
spell | |
spend | |
spirit | |
* | spit |
** | splendid |
** | spoil |
** | statue |
** | status |
stay | |
** | steady |
steak | |
steal | |
* | steam |
steel | |
step | |
** | steward |
stick | |
still | |
** | stimulate |
* | stir |
stock | |
stomach | |
stomachache | |
stone | |
stop | |
store | |
* | storey |
storm | |
story | |
straight | |
** | straightforward |
** | strait |
subway | |
succeed | |
success | |
such | |
sudden | |
suffer | |
sufficient | |
sugar | |
suggest | |
suit | |
suitcase | |
** | suite |
sum | |
summary | |
summer | |
sun | |
sunglasses | |
sunshine | |
super | |
** | superb |
** | superior |
supermarket | |
supper | |
supply | |
support | |
suppose |
strange | |
strategy | |
strawberry | |
stream | |
street | |
stress | |
stretch | |
strict | |
strike | |
* | string |
strong | |
* | structure |
struggle | |
student | |
studio | |
study | |
stuff | |
stupid | |
style | |
subject | |
** | subjective |
** | submit |
** | subscribe |
* | subsequent |
** | substance |
suburb |
sure | |
surf | |
surface | |
** | surgery |
surname | |
surprise | |
surround | |
survey | |
survive | |
suspect | |
* | suspend |
* | sustain |
* | swallow |
* | swear |
sweat | |
sweep | |
sweet | |
swim | |
swing | |
switch | |
symbol | |
* | sympathy |
** | symphony |
symptom | |
system | |
T |
technology | |
teenager | |
** | telescope |
television/TV | |
tell | |
temperature | |
temple | |
* | temporary |
ten | |
tend | |
** | tender |
tennis | |
** | tense |
tent | |
tenth | |
term | |
** | terminal |
terrible | |
** | territory |
test | |
text | |
textbook | |
than | |
thank | |
that | |
the |
table | |
** | tablet |
** | tackle |
* | tag |
tail | |
** | tailor |
take | |
tale | |
talent | |
talk | |
tall | |
* | tank |
tap | |
tape | |
target | |
task | |
taste | |
tax | |
taxi | |
tea | |
teach | |
team | |
** | teapot |
tear | |
* | technical |
technique |
theatre | |
* | theft |
their | |
them | |
theme | |
then | |
* | theory |
** | therapy |
there | |
therefore | |
these | |
they | |
thick | |
thief | |
thin | |
thing | |
think | |
third | |
thirsty | |
this | |
** | thorough |
those | |
though | |
thought | |
thousand | |
thread |
* | tobacco |
today | |
together | |
toilet | |
* | tolerate |
tomato | |
tomorrow | |
ton | |
** | tone |
tonight | |
too | |
tool | |
* | tooth |
toothache | |
toothbrush | |
toothpaste | |
top | |
topic | |
** | torch |
total | |
touch | |
tough | |
tour | |
** | tournament |
* | towards |
towel |
** | threat |
throat | |
through | |
throughout | |
throw | |
thunder | |
thunderstorm | |
thus | |
tick | |
ticket | |
* | tide |
tidy | |
tie | |
tiger | |
tight | |
time | |
timetable | |
** | timid |
* | tin |
tiny | |
tip | |
tired | |
tissue | |
title | |
to | |
toast |
tower | |
town | |
toy | |
** | trace |
track | |
trade | |
tradition | |
traffic | |
* | trail |
train | |
transfer | |
** | transform |
** | transition |
translate | |
transport | |
** | trap |
travel | |
** | tray |
treasure | |
treat | |
tree | |
* | trend |
* | trick |
trip | |
** | troop |
trouble |
under | |
underground | |
underline | |
understand | |
unfair | |
unforgettable | |
unfortunately | |
unhappy | |
* | uniform |
** | union |
unique | |
unit | |
* | united |
* | universe |
university | |
* | unknown |
unless | |
* | unlike |
until/till | |
unusual | |
up | |
update | |
upon | |
upper | |
upset | |
upstairs |
trousers | |
truck | |
* | true |
* | trunk |
trust | |
truth | |
try | |
T-shirt | |
** | tube |
tune | |
** | tunnel |
turkey | |
turn | |
** | tutor |
twice | |
twin | |
type | |
typhoon | |
typical | |
* | tyre |
U | |
ugly | |
* | ultimately |
umbrella | |
unable | |
uncle |
urban | |
* | urge |
urgent | |
us | |
use | |
used | |
usual | |
V | |
vacation | |
** | valley |
value | |
* | van |
* | variable |
various | |
** | vary |
** | vase |
* | vast |
vegetable | |
vehicle | |
** | venue |
** | version |
very | |
** | vet |
** | veteran |
** | via |
** | vice |
vote | |
** | voyage |
W | |
* | wage |
* | waist |
wait | |
wake | |
walk | |
wall | |
wallet | |
* | wander |
want | |
war | |
* | ward |
warm | |
warn | |
wash | |
* | washroom |
waste | |
watch | |
water | |
watermelon | |
** | waterproof |
wave | |
way | |
we |
** | victim |
victory | |
video | |
view | |
village | |
* | violence |
* | violent |
violin | |
virtual | |
** | virtue |
virus | |
* | visa |
* | visible |
** | vision |
visit | |
** | visual |
** | vital |
* | vitamin |
** | vivid |
vocabulary | |
vocation | |
voice | |
volcano | |
volleyball | |
volume | |
volunteer |
weak | |
wealth | |
* | weapon |
wear | |
weather | |
web | |
website | |
wedding | |
* | weed |
week | |
weekday | |
weekend | |
** | weep |
weigh | |
* | weird |
welcome | |
* | welfare |
well | |
well-known | |
west | |
wet | |
whale | |
what | |
wheat | |
wheel | |
when |
write | |
wrong | |
X | |
x-ray | |
Y | |
yard | |
yeah | |
year | |
yellow | |
yes | |
yesterday | |
yet | |
* | yoghurt |
you | |
young | |
your | |
yours | |
yourself | |
youth | |
Z | |
zero | |
zone | |
zoo | |
** | zoom |
wish | |
with | |
** | withdraw |
within | |
without | |
** | witness |
* | woman |
wonder | |
wood | |
* | wool |
word | |
work | |
workshop | |
world | |
worry | |
worse | |
worst | |
worth | |
** | worthwhile |
* | worthy |
would | |
wound | |
** | wrap |
** | wrestle |
** | wrinkle |
** | wrist |
where | |
whether | |
which | |
while | |
** | whisper |
white | |
who | |
whole | |
whom | |
whose | |
why | |
wide | |
* | widespread |
wife | |
Wi-Fi | |
wild | |
will | |
win | |
wind | |
window | |
wine | |
wing | |
winter | |
wipe | |
wire | |
wise |